Bài tập tự luyện

Đọc các đoạn văn sau và điền A, B, C hoặc D vào chỗ trống tương ứng với phương án lựa chọn đúng:

Đoạn văn 1:
Recreational diving or sport diving is a type of diving that uses scuba equipment for the purpose of leisure and enjoyment. In some diving circles, the term "recreational diving" is used in contradistinction to "technical diving", a more demanding aspect of the sport which requires greater levels of training, experience and equipment.
Recreational scuba diving grew out of related activities such as snorkeling and underwater hunting. For a long time, recreational underwater excursions were limited by the amount of breath that could be held. However, the invention of the aqualung in 1943 by Jacques-Yves Cousteau and its development over subsequent years led to a revolution in recreational diving. However, for much of the 1950s and early1960s, recreational scuba diving was a sport limited to those who were able to afford or make their own kit, and prepared to undergo intensive training to use it. As the sport became more popular, manufacturers became aware of the potential market, and equipment began to appear that was easy to use, affordable and reliable. Continued advances in' SCUBA technology, such as buoyancy compensators, modern diving regulators, wet or dry suits, and dive computers, increased the safety, comfort and convenience of the gear encouraging more people to train and use it.
Until the early 1950s, navies and other organizations performing professional diving were the only providers of diver training, but only for their own personnel and only using their own types of equipment. There were no training courses available to civilians who bought the first scuba equipment. Professional instruction started in 1959 when the non-profit National Association of Underwater Instructors was formed.
Further developments in technology have reduced the cost of training and diving. Scuba-diving has become a popular leisure activity, and many diving locations have some form of dive shop presence that can offer air fills, equipment and training. In tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world, there is a large market in holiday divers, who train and dive while on holiday, but rarely dive close to home. Generally, recreational diving depths are limited to a maximum of between 30 and 40 meters (100 and 130 feet), beyond which a variety of safety issues make it unsafe to dive using recreation diving equipment and practices, and specialized training and equipment for technical diving are needed.

1. Recreational diving
A. requires more equipment than technical diving.
B. are taken up by many people for leisure and entertainment.
C. needs no equipment.
D. requires more experience than technical diving.
2. Recreational underwater excursions used to be limited
A. as underwater hunting was banned.
B. because the necessary amount of breath was too expensive to afford.
C. because divers could not take enough amount of breath with them.
D. because the necessary amount of breath was too heavy to bring.
3. According to the second paragraph, in the 1950s and early 1960s, recreational scuba diving was a sport limited because
A. divers did not like to take part in any intensive training courses.
B. there were not any intensive training courses for divers.
C. there were not enough kit for many divers.
D. kit and intensive training were too expensive for many people to afford.
4. These following sentences are true EXCEPT
A. In the early 1950s anyone who wanted to dive could be professionally trained.
B. In the early 1950s there were no training courses available to civilians who bought the first scuba equipment.
C. As recreational diving became more popular, manufacturers have made more and more diving equipment.
D. Advances in scuba technology encourage more and more people to train and use it.
5. Holiday divers
A. do not like to dive in tropical and sub-tropical parts.
B. can dive as deep as they like because of safety.
C. are those who go away from home to dive.
D. are limited in tropical and sub-tropical parts.

Đoạn văn 2:
There is very little documentation about the origins of water polo. It is known, however, that the sport originated in the rivers and lakes of mid-19th century England as an aquatic version of rugby. Early games used an inflated rubber ball that came from India known as a "pulu" (the single Indian word for all "balls"). Pronounced "polo" by the English, both the game and the ball became known as "water polo." To attract more spectators to swimming exhibitions, the London Swimming Association designed a set of water polo rules for indoor swimming pools in 1870. At first, players scored by planting the ball on the end of the pool with both hands. A favorite trick of the players was to place the five-to-nine inch rubber ball inside their swimming suit and dive under the murky water, they would then appear again as close to the goal as possible. The introduction of the rules by Scottish players changed the nature of water polo. It became a game that emphasized swimming, speed and passing. Scottish rules moved from a rugby variant to a soccer style of play. Goals became a cage of 10x 3 feet and a goal could be scored by being thrown. Players could only be tackled when they "held" the ball and the ball could no longer be taken under water. The small rubber ball was replaced by a leather soccer ball. If the player came up too near the goal, he was promptly jumped on by the goalie, who was permitted to stand on the pool deck. Games were often nothing more than gang fights in the water as players ignored the ball, preferring underwater wrestling matches that usually ended with one man floating to the surface unconscious. Water polo was first played in the USA in 1888. The game featured the old rugby style of play which resembled American football in the water. "American style" water polo became very popular and by the late 1890's was played in such venues as Madison Square Garden and Boston's Mechanics Hall, attracting 14,000 spectators to national championship games.

1. According to the text,
A. the origins of water polo are written thoroughly in a lot of documents.
B. water polo is an aquatic version of rugby.
C. water polo first appeared somewhere outside England.
D. people have played water polo since the early 19th century.
2. The present rules of water polo were invented
A. by Scottish players.
B. by Indian players.
C. the London Swimming Association.
D. in 1870.
3. In water polo, the players score a goal by
A. swimming.
B. passing.
C. catching.
D. throwing.
4. The present water polo ball is made of
A. rubber.
B. leather.
C. bone.
D. wood.
5. Water polo became popular in America in
A. the middle of the 19th century.
B. in 1870.
C. in 1888.
D. by the late 1890's.